Debate & MySpace Essay

The motion here today is that Social networking sites can actually cause more harm than good. We do not however deny the fact that in today’s society, these social networking sites do bring benefits to our daily life and also in the ever growing business industry. For example, it helps us connect with our loved ones who are halfway round the globe, or even a marketing platform for business developers with its vast consumer reach. On the other hand, what we are affirming today is that despite it upsides, it can bring about MORE harm than good. It is an increasingly untenable fact, especially with the ease of access to the internet to virtually anyone, that these social media can have more negative effects than good. This is Veronica, she will be speaking about the negative effects that it will bring to our health and financial fraud. Secondly, Hema will elaborate further the effects on business risk and personal risk. Thirdly, Nazrul will touch on the topic of productivity and cyber-criminal activities. Last but not least, Joshua will briefly wrap up about this debate. This is a 5-round debate, and we look forward to challenging our opponent in this controversial topic. Social networking sites are websites that facilitate communication between 2 or more individuals. When we are communicating with 2 or more individuals, many fail to realise that we are essentially putting out information on ourselves out there on the World Wide Web. There are obviously a lot of privacy issues at hand when this happens. I’m certain that the opposition will argue that we have control of what we share over the internet, and we can prevent these issues from happening. Even if we are very careful on what information we share, we still cannot prevent all forms of privacy violation  from happening. An article on The Guardian UK states that Facebook users are unwittingly revealing intimate secrets – including their sexual orientation, drug use or political beliefs. A research shows that just by looking at a user’s â€Å"Like† activities, they can predict information about the user. Researchers are able to predict a user’s characteristics, race, religion, beliefs and political views with up to an accuracy rate of a shocking 88%. Even if we do put in controls, data on these sites are still accessible to anyone, especially those with expertise in the IT arena. A student from the University of Georgia is suing her university of $2 million dollar over the misuse of her Facebook picture. The University have pulled out a picture of her in a bikini from her social media account for a district-wide presentation campaign raising awareness on what not to do on social media. Incidentally, this student has set her privacy settings to only allow her friends to view her pictures. These examples here gives a fair indication of how our personal information can be accessed by almost anyone regardless of the measures that we took to protect our information. And if the opposition party would like to argue that it is the user’s decision NOT to put anything on the social sites, then I think that it would be considered as NOT USING these social media sites in any case, and as such, would be irrelevant to the topic of today. Another issue that I would like to address today is Cyber Bullying. Cyber bullying is a very serious problem because it’s very harmful to younger generation psychologically and also physically. Most bullies don’t think about what they say or do have an enormous effect on others. A very famous case sparked the attention of many people to realize that cyber bullying does have a very negative effect. The case of Amanda Todd shocked the world as she posted a video before committing suicide. In the black & white video, Amanda tells the world her story of years of bullying. I now would like to pass on to my fellow colleague who will go on to the second point. Cyber Bullying Amanda Todd http://www.abc4.com/content/news/top_stories/story/Girl-Commits-Suicide-After-Being-Cyber-Bullied/qIO2h9LBhUaCEB_3oQlbzg.cspx Jessica Laney http://www.nydailynews.com/news/national/social-media-blamed-teen-suicide-article-1.1218550 Eden Wormer http://abcnews.go.com/US/bullied-teen-commits-suicide-posting-loves-haterz/story?id=15887174 http://www.theguardian.com/technology/2013/mar/11/facebook-users-reveal-intimate-secrets http://www.digitaltrends.com/social-media/student-sues-school-district-for-using-her-facebook-bikini-picture-in-school-wide-presentation/ http://www.nydailynews.com/life-style/selfies-damage-relationships-study-article-1.1424830 http://www.irishexaminer.com/ireland/internet-is-bad-for-kids-mental-health-237178.html In Wake Of Teen Suicides, Ask.fm Faces A â€Å"Myspace† Problem

Cultural Awareness Australian Institute Of Family Studies

Cultural awareness Australian Institute of Family Studies (2015c) reports that compared to non-Indigenous children Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children are over-represented in child protection and out-of-home care services. There are complex reason for this over-representation including past history of force removal, the effects that is associated with low social-economic status, and the cultural aspect of child rearing when compared to western views. The Australian Institute of Family Studies (2015c) goes on to state that ‘Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander children were seven times more likely than non-Indigenous children to be the subject of substantiated reports of harm/risk of harm.’ Framework The Common assessment framework (CAF) works on changing the old perspective of focusing upon consequence of difficulties in children s lives rather emphasis proactive preventative and precautionary measure. The CAF works on a consistent approach to identifying and responding early to the needs of vulnerable children and families, it follows on with working on improving the information sharing to all appropriate services. The Common assessment framework works on achieving for every child good physical and mental health and for every child to have the right to be safe and secure (Commonwealth of Australia 2009). The Pederson family have been involved with child protection with the removal of four children. The older children are living with their Aunty though stillShow MoreRelatedA Clear Flow Diagram Of The Trial1627 Words   |  7 Pageschanging behavior (Rat et al, 2014). This study had strength in comparing new and conventional strategies rather than only a before and after comparisons, which is thought to lead to higher level of evidence (Rat, et al. 2014). 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Alexander - Intelligent, Ambitious, and Complex Individual - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 5 Words: 1355 Downloads: 6 Date added: 2019/04/07 Category History Essay Level High school Tags: Alexander The Great Essay Did you like this example? Alexander The Great is arguably one of the most established figures in history, and is widely considered to be the greatest military general who ever lived. He is also considered an incredibly complex individual by most historians, with strong debates regarding the nature of his character. Many consider Alexander the Great to be a bloodthirsty dictator whose own ego drove him to attempt to conquer and rule the entire planet. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Alexander Intelligent, Ambitious, and Complex Individual" essay for you Create order Others, however, consider Alexander the Great to be a sophisticated and open minded individual who strived to create a melting pot of different cultures while seeking the truth and knowledge of the universe. While every historian sees Alexander the Great in a different light, both sides of the debate carry an accurate and diverse truth to them. It could easily be argued that Alexander the Great was both an ego motivated authoritarian with an iron fist as well as a worldy and highly cultured philosopher. Wherever one stands in the debate, there is no arguing that Alexander was a highly intelligent, ambitious, and complex individual. History has awarded him the nickname the Philosopher in Arms(Plutarch.) Alexander The Greats conquest to build an empire was one of the most successful and influential in ancient history. His empire spanned approximately two million square miles between Greece and India. Astonishingly and perhaps most impressive, he was only thirty years old by the time he conquered this vast empire, which only took him twelve years to accomplish(Lindsay.) His empire spanned across three continents that included Europe, Africa, and Asia. Alexander erected over seventy cities between these three continents, the majority of which he named after himself(History- Alexander the Great, BBC.) While historians do know a great deal about Alexander, the question still remains: was he driven to create this empire by his ego and desire for greatness, or was he driven by his desire for knowledge? There is no denying that Alexander the Great had an ego of immense proportions. From the time he was a young boy, he was raised to believe that he was a God, destined for greatness: Prentice says that ?Alexander from now on was declared and declared himself to be of divine origin(-Robinson, Jr. 331.) Having been a pupil of the brilliant philosopher Aristotle in combination with being trained by his father, King Philip of Macedonia, another brilliant military leader, perhaps Alexander truly was destined for greatness from birth. His own father, King Philip of Macedonia, told Alexander Seek a kingdom equal to yourself; for Macedonia cannot contain you. after he managed to tame an erratic, wild horse at the age of thirteen(Plutarch, 5.) Alexander strived for greatness in all of his conquests, and was determined to be the greatest in everything he participated in: When the men who attended Alexander asked if he wanted to compete in the foot race at the Olympic Games (for he was swift-foo ted), he replied, ?Only if I can compete with kings.'(Plutarch, 2.) It was his extreme intelligence combined with his fearless courage and ambition and experience that lead him and his army to winning the majority of the battles they fought in. Alexander also had a major obsession with his public image to the point where he only allowed very few people in his lifetime to sculpt or paint his likeness, as they were the only ones he saw fit to portray him properly and flawlessly.(Plutarch, 2.) Alexanders physical appearance was best represented in the statues of Lysippus, the only artist Alexander thought worthy to sculpt his likeness(Plutarch, 2.) Despite escaping death on the battlefield on a number of occasions, Alexander genuinely believed he was undefeatable and could win any battle he faced. Infact, he believed so highly in himself that when battles were waged, he would ride his horse in front of his soldiers and lead his army from the front, riding directly and unprotected towards the enemy.(Alexander the Great: heaven cannot allow two sunsP. 24+.) This fearless personality and ego among many other factors including his intelligence and experience contributed to leading Alexander to being considered one of the greatest military generals of all time, but it could also be argued that it was one of the aspects that eventually lead to his downfall. Alexanders ambition for world conquest didnt falter until his enigmatic yet highly speculated upon death at the age of thirty two. One cant help but wonder how far Alexanders empire could have gotten had he survived whatever it actually was that ended his life. Despite being a fierce soldier and general on the battlefield, Alexander was also an incredible scholar. His quest for knowledge, enlightenment, and cultural fusion matched his quest to expand his empire. Alexander was literary by nature and fond of reading. As he regarded and spoke of the Iliad as a manual of warfare, he traveled with Aristotles edition- the so-called Iliad of the casket -and kept it, with his dagger, under his pillow, as Onesicritus has recorded. And when other books were not easy to come by in upper Asia, Alexander ordered Harpalus to send him some.(Plutarch, 8.) Alexander was the definition of the perfect storm: Bloodthirsty, ruthless, and brilliantly tactical on the battlefield, while also showing great respect and admiration for other cultures and an immense thirst for knowledge, new ideas, and cultural diversity. Another impressive aspect of Alexander the Greats personality was his lack of malice or begrudgement towards his fallen enemies. Alexander, on numero us occasions, showed a more humbled side of his personality and treated the bodies of his fallen enemies with great respect and cultural sensitivity. For example, when Alexander found the fallen body of his great enemy Darius, Alexander demanded that the body go through proper treatment for his status: Alexander sent Dariuss body back to Persepolis and ordered that he be buried, like all his royal predecessors, in the royal tombs. He appointed Amminapes the Parthyaean as satrap of Parthyaea and Hyercania. (A member of Mazeces party, Amminapes had been among those who surrendered Egypt to Alexander.) One of the Companions- Tlepolemus, son of Pythophanes- was assigned to help Amminapes oversee Parthyaean and Hyrcanian affairs.(Arrian III.21.) Cultural fusion was a major aspect of Alexander the Greats empire, as Alexander was greatly inspired and influenced by the array of diverse cultures he was exposed to during his conquests. Alexander was particularly fond of Egyptian culture. When Alexanders conquests took him to Egypt, the Egyptians made him a Pharaoh, which Alexander embraced to the fullest extent. Infact, Alexander fully embraced Egyptian culture during the short time he spent there. It was in the temple of Ammon-Zeus in Egypt where his suspicions being the son of the Greek god Zeus would be Confirmed by the Oracle at Siwa(Alexander the Great and the Hellenistic Age.) He would go on to erect Alexandria, a port city that is one of the most well known of his Empire due to the establishment of the Library of Alexandria, which is one of the most influential Libraries of all time: it was the mecha and hub of knowledge and information at the time of its existence, and one could still argue that it hosted the greatest con centration of scholarly information and minds of all time(In Search of History: Lost Treasure of the Alexandria Library.) Alexander the Great was, above all else, an incredibly complex and ambitious individual whos intelligence, ego, and drive for truth knowledge and power lead him on an incredibly successful campaign across the Western world. Though both sides of the argument on whether Alexander the great was a bloodthirsty tyrant or an enlightened thinker carry some weight, perhaps the most logical and valid answer is that he was a strong combination of both. An egomaniac who sought to become the supreme ruler of the world as well as a man that appreciated knowledge and the other established cultures of the world, perhaps even only the cultures that suited his personal beliefs and values. It is uncertain how exactly Alexanders death came to be, but there is one thing that is certain: his influence undeniably shaped the course of history.

Kill A Mockingbird By Harper Lee - 1394 Words

To Kill A Mockingbird, written by Harper Lee, is a tale of the reality of growing up in a community involving racial segregations and stereotypes. The story takes place in the 1930s during the early stages of the Great Depression in Maycomb County, Alabama. Scout Finch, the main character, lives with her brother Jem, widowed father Atticus, and Calpurnia, the house cook, in a cozy home that only allows love and happiness to seep through its walls and marinate in the streets that are filled with injustices. The title, To Kill A Mockingbird, represents a major theme in the novel, innocence. When teaching the kids how to shoot rifles, Atticus declares firmly, â€Å"Shoot all the bluejays you want, if you can hit em, but remember it’s a sin to†¦show more content†¦Walter is the son of Mr. Cunningham, a poor farmer and friend of Atticus. Lee introduces the reader to Walter during the first day of school when Miss Caroline, the new teacher in the town, offers Walter lun ch money. Upon Walter’s refusal, Scout tries to elucidate Walter’s circumstances in behalf of her empathy being stronger than her judgement concerning the appropriateness of the statements spoken. Walter is the son of the Great Depression’s effects on Maycomb; Its strong winds removes the family from a comfortable life and vacates them on the lands of poverty and unemployment. Atticus even says, â€Å" The Cunninghams are country folks, farmers, and the crash hit them hardest† (22). When Jem invites Walter to dinner, Walter pours syrup all over his meal and Scout embarresses him. Calpurnia reminds Scout that although the Finches are better off than the Cunningham’s, they are still equal. Walter is a mockingbird because he can not defend himself from the circumstances that the Depression is conveying on his life. Walter cannot control the stocks nor the economy, so treating him differently due to his social status is like killing a mockingbird since he is simply a host to a repugnant parasite, the Depression. In chapter three, Atticus challenges Scout with this statement, â€Å" You never really understand a person until you consider things from his point of view-until you climb into his skin and walk around in it† (39). While walking around in Walter’s skin,

By the Waters of Babylon Free Essays

â€Å"By the Waters of Babylon† is a short story by Stephen Vincent Benet , well- known as a post-apocalyptic short story. The Story took place in a community of people called â€Å"the people of the hills†. â€Å"John† who was the son of a priest loved to gain more knowledge about the place of the gods (an area east of the river where supposedly the gods live. We will write a custom essay sample on By the Waters of Babylon or any similar topic only for you Order Now ) The people of hills were told that traveling to the place of the gods was forbidden. Anyway, John began his journey one day by fasting and waiting for a sigh of where he should go. After several signs, they all pointed to the east. He crossed the river known as ou-dis-sun on a raft and headed toward the place of the gods. The place of the gods had many towers, buildings and streets called god-roads. He then headed north on a god-road towards a building called a dead house. In the house he notices that in the home there were places to cook, but nowhere to put fire. He also noticed that there is a bathing place, but no water. At that night, he went asleep. He dreamed he saw the gods, and how the Place of the gods used to be. He then saw in his dream how the great burning had destroyed the world. He then finally realized that the gods he and his people had been devoted to were not gods, but men. So, he returned to his father and told him what he saw. His father reassured him and told him that he had to find out the truth little by little so that they will not again destroy themselves. When John became the chief priest, he planned to take his people back to the place of the gods and build again. â€Å"John† is not only the main character of the story, but he is also the narrator of the story too, as we know everything through his point of view. He is a good and brave boy as we can see from his words that shows knowledge is more important for him than his own life. He is not afraid when he knows that where he is going to will bring death. Anyway, he is also a dynamic character, caused by knowledge and experiences he finds for himself. In the end, John vows to bring his people back to rebuild it. This shows the strength of John’s spirit, representing for human spirit too. The setting and symbol are very important to the story. When we read the story at first, we may think that the setting is somewhere in the ancient city, but if we read it again and again, we may find that â€Å"The place of the gods† is like a city in the North of the United Stated, as seen from the word â€Å"ASHING† which may presumed to be a statue of George wASHINGton, when John walks through a building with stars on the ceiling and tunnels, this may be Grand Central Terminal, the place called the Biltmore, may be the New York Biltmore Hotel, and the great cliffs, may be presumed to be the Brooklyn Bridge. These show the use of symbol in the story, and the destruction of the city is also symbolic, important one that shows the important theme of the story. Apart from these, there are also the use of personification, irony, metaphor and imagery of vision and auditory that the writer uses to tell this story. So, I think the most important theme of this story is â€Å"the effects of knowledge†. The destruction reflects the present world that many nations compete to one another to have the great power by using their knowledge which is the most important source to give human power to do both better things and worse things. It shows human’s ability too. This story reminds us that we should use over knowledge in the good way for there would not be the great destruction like â€Å"the place of the gods†, and our knowledge can protect us from the great loss, like those that our world used to face in the past. How to cite By the Waters of Babylon, Papers By The Waters Of Babylon Free Essays By the Waters of Babylon is about a son of a priest becoming priest by the name of John who goes on a quest to find himself show he is worthy to become a priest. Just as in the movie â€Å"The Village† there are forbidden places enter into. It’s forbidden to go to any of the dead places except to search for metal he who touches the metal must be a priest or son of a priest or they will die. We will write a custom essay sample on By The Waters Of Babylon or any similar topic only for you Order Now John’s father takes him on a journey to search for metal it is only after John touches the metal does his father see that John is â€Å"truly his son and would be a priest.† As the time comes for John to become a priest, he has to undergo a â€Å"purification† rite. John’s father tells him to look into the fire and to say what he sees in his dreams. John sees a river, and, beyond it, a great Dead Place and in it the gods walking. His father calls this a â€Å"strong dream† that â€Å"may eat you up. † He then makes his son promise not to travel to the east and cross the great river to visit the Place of the Gods for these places are forbidden to enter. His father sends him off on a spiritual journey, but does not know he is going to  the forbidden places of the Gods. As John prays fasts he takes a journey through the forest for eight days, and crosses the forbidden river Ou]-dis-sun. He crosses it does not die. Once John gets to the Place of the Gods, he steps on the ground he does not burn. Instead he only feels energy and magic. As he travels through the place of the Gods in search of food he sees a statue of what seems to be a â€Å"God† that says â€Å"ASHING† on its base. While being chased by dogs and finds a building with stories he climbs to get away from becoming food. John explores what seems to be an  apartment he see pictures, sculptures things he has never known of. As he continues looking around he comes upon what he thinks is a dead God. Upon viewing the visage, he has an epiphany that the gods were simply humans whose power overwhelmed good judgment. After John returns to his tribe, he speaks of the places â€Å"New York† and â€Å"Biltmore†. His father tells him not to, for sometimes too much truth is a bad thing that it must be told little by little. The story ends with John stating his conviction that, once he becomes the head priest, â€Å"We must build again.† How to cite By The Waters Of Babylon, Papers

Psychology Parietal Lobe Essay Example For Students

Psychology Parietal Lobe Essay Parietal Lobe The Parietal Lobe is one of the four lobes that acts as the control center of the brain, and is located in the back of the head directly under the skull bone. Since the parietal lobe handles functions of focus, cognition, and perception, a person’s spatial perception or sense of touch, and visual perception or differentiation (identification) of size, shapes and colors will be challenged. . Damage to the Parietal Lobe impair the processing of visual images and other sensory input. Impact of damage or injury would impair cognition where a person’s â€Å"ability to multi-task is reduced or eliminated, as mathematical ability and recognition of the difference between right and left. † (Newsome Law Firm, 2010) Once a brain is damaged or injury occurs, there is no cure. Therefore, the goal of treatment and rehabilitation focus on assisting a patient to strengthen the skills he or she continues to possess, â€Å"while helping to find compensatory strategies for adaptation of those lacking. (Newsome Law Firm, 2010) Strengthening existing skills, is the first step toward advancing a person’s technique to adopt new methods of reasoning, planning, and decision-making. Patient assessment and diagnosis include the use of computed tomography (CT Scans), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), x-rays, and other specialized tests. A patient’s treatment team of specialists will often include a psychiatrist skilled in neurology and orthopedics, neuropsyc hologist who will test aspects of competence, speech consultant to help with expression comprehension and communication and finally a social worker who acts as a liaison. Treatment for injury or damage to the parietal lobe is â€Å"driven by several considerations: alleviation of specific syndromes/symptoms (such as depression or apathy), the underlying neuropathology (nature of the injury), improving cognition, and potential effects on recovery. † (UIC, 2009) Neuropharmacology is an evolving area that is complicated but shows promise for improving outcome and quality of life for those suffering from brain damage or injury. Treatment is pharmacologic in nature and effective in the treatment of neurobehavioral problems resulting from parietal lobe damage. Physicians prefer to choose medications that cover more than one area. Medications may treat brain chemicals, target symptoms such as chronic pain, seizures, insomnia fatigue, depression or any condition that could worsen mental status or possibly interfere with recovery. There is critical need for additional research in this area as there is no clear guideline for how to manage the deficits caused by Parietal Lobe damage. Damage to the brain structure â€Å"The way in which TBI affects the brain, which is referred to as the neuropathology of TBI, may be especially pertinent to the risk for neurobehavioral problems. (UIC, 2009) The processing of the temporal dimension is in review for current and future research, focus on event order and high-level motion is in question. Discriminating the order, determining the identity, and interpreting spatiotemporal information of visual events are an area for future research. According to an article in Trends in Cognitive Sciences, â€Å"Evide nce from patients who have lesions to the parietal lobes and transcranial magnetic stimulation studies in normal subjects suggest that the right inferior parietal lobe underlies this analysis of event timing. Judgment of temporal order, simultaneity and high-level motion are all compromised following right parietal lesions and degraded after transcranial magnetic stimulation over the right parietal but not elsewhere. † (Battelli, Pascual-Leone, Cavanagh, 2007) Behavioral strategies are an essential component in the care management of these patients. â€Å"Cognitive rehabilitation is a promising and expanding area, that may either by itself or in conjunction with medication result in improved outcomes and function. † (UIC, 2009) Medication alone is rarely adequate. .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237 , .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237 .postImageUrl , .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237 , .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237:hover , .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237:visited , .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237:active { border:0!important; } .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237:active , .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237 .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u272f9e760ffb04465d9e157823e8b237:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Remains of the day EssayReferences: Battelli, L. , Pascual-Leone, A. , Cavanagh, P. (2007, May). The when pathway of the right parietal lobe. Trends in Cognitive Sciences , pp. 204-210, Volume 11, Issue 5. Newsome Law Firm. (2010). Parietal Lobe Brain Injury. Retrieved August 10, 2010, from Brain and Spinal Cord. org: http://www. brainandspinalcord. org/brain-injury/parietal-lobe. html UIC. (2009). Traumatic Brain Injury. Retrieved August 11, 2010, from University of Illlinois at Chicago: Center for Cognitive Medicine: http://ccm. psych. uic. edu/PatientInfo/TBIInfo. aspx

God Sends His Messengers Into The World From Time To Time To Guide Hum

God sends His messengers into the world from time to time to guide humanity, states Professor Gobind Singh Mansukhani, author of the book, The Quintessence of Sikhism. Although Jesus Christ was considered to be sent to Earth between 8 BC and 4 BC by god, the ten Guru's, who found the Sikh religion five hundred years ago in the Punjab region of India, were also considered to be messenger's of God (Jesus Christ 194-198; Mansukhani 1; Kleffman 1). These founders of the Sikh religion, unlike others of the time, recorded their teachings and their beliefs in the Guru Granth Sahib, a holy book that is considered to be the eternal Guru (Sikh Missionary Center 244). The history, beliefs, and distinction from other religions make Sikhism a fascinating religion. Originating in the fifteenth century, Sikhism struggles to stay alive in India, even today. Guru Nanak Dev Ji, the founder of Sikhism established this religion, free from the discriminating ideas of Hinduism and Islam (Mansukhani 2; Wolcott and Wolcott 48). Guru Nanak Dev Ji carried the Divine Light, which allowed his body to be a platform for God to speak on. This light was passed on to the other nine Gurus who created the Guru Granth Sahib (Sikh Missionary Center 7-9). The eighth Guru, Guru Harkishan Dev Ji, became a Guru at the age of five (Guru Harkishan Dev Ji Internet). His knowledge and power awed people who realized he was really divine (Mansukhani 30-32). The lives of most Sikhs were threatened by religious hatred everyday. The fifth Guru, Guru Arjan Dev Ji, and the ninth Guru, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji, both became martyrs. Guru Arjan Dev Ji was tortured with boiling water, thrown on burning sand, and was seated on a red-hot plate because he would not give up his faith. Similarl y, Guru Tegh Bahadur Ji also became a martyr. He refused to lose his faith and died saying God's name. Today, Sikhs are still dying for their beliefs (Mansukhani 23-25, 35-36). For Sikhs, their beliefs are declared in the Guru Granth Sahib. The Guru Granth Sahib contains the words of all ten Gurus and is the eternal Guru. This holy book's teachings are protected in such a way that its followers would notice if a comma or a period is out of place (Sikh Missionary Center 3, 248). Sikhism opposes the caste system that existed in India. In fact, the Gurus erased the caste system in Sikhs by creating a Langar system, which means Guru's Free Kitchen. This system still exists today and requires everyone, rich or poor, to sit side by side and share a meal, despite of social classes (Mansukhani 15-16; Sikh Missionary Center 3-4). The Guru Granth Sahib also states woman should be equal. Guru Nanak Dev Ji pointed out that women were never inferior to men because they can get salvation also (Sikh Missionary Center 278). Besides promoting equality, Sikhism respects other religions. The Guru Granth Sahib includes excerpts from Hindu and Muslim saints, to show Sikhs to ac cept other faiths (Gurbani CD 6). All the beliefs of Sikhs are outlined in the holy book written by the ten Gurus, themselves (Sikh Missionary Center 248). Although Sikhism is different from other religions, it is similar in many aspects also. Unlike other religions, everything people know about Sikhism comes from the mouths of the Gurus. For example, The Sikh Missionary Center writes ...there came Mahatma Buddh in India and he never wrote anything with his hands. After that came Christ who did not write anything himself. His teaching are only known through the Bible. Sikhism believes materialistic items come in the way of salvation (Sikh Missionary Center 3, 248, 249). Similarly, Buddhists also agree materialistic values get in the way of nirvana, the state of peace (Buddhism 319-325). Sikhism, Hinduism, and Buddhism all support reincarnation (Sikh Missionary Center 253; Wolcott and Wolcott 36; Buddhism 322). Although there are several similarities with other religions, Sikhism is unique in its own way. Although times have changed, the Sikh religion has remained unchanged for the last five hundred years (Kleffman 1). The ten messengers God sent to Earth have helped form the Sikh religion (Mansukhani 1). The holy book which the ten Gurus created is